Bio-Control Potential of Trichoderma harzianum and Beauveria bassiana against Alternaria solani in Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum)
##article.subject##:
Bio-Control, Trichoderma harzianum, Beauveria bassiana, Alternaria solani, Tomatoes
##article.abstract##
In recent years, there has been a growing demand for sustainable and environmentally friendly methods to control pests and diseases in agriculture. This study focused on exploring the potential of Trichoderma harzianum and Beauveria bassiana, both isolated from Moiben-Kenya, as biological agents for controlling Alternaria solani, a tomato pathogen. In-vitro antagonism tests were conducted using dual culture technique and the impact of culture filtrates were also examined. Potency of volatile organic compounds was evaluated using the inverted plate technique. In dual culture, T. harzianum reduced the growth of A. solani by 48.7% while the culture filtrate did not show any effect. The inhibitory effect of B. bassiana culture filtrates was dose-dependent, with a 5% concentration achieving 8% inhibition, a 10% concentration registering 33% inhibition, and a 15% concentration achieving 39% inhibition. Volatile organic compounds released by T. harzianum inhibited A. solani colonies by up to 50%, while B. bassiana reached a maximum inhibition of 30%. The biocontrol agents were able to exert varying levels of biocontrol towards the test pathogen. It is recommended that in vivo studies be done to assess the application of the biocontrol agents under study in field conditions.
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Suprapta, D. N. (2012). Potential of microbial antagonists as biocontrol agents against plant fungal pathogens. J ISSAAS, 18(2), 1-8.
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Wang, J., & Zheng, C. (2012). Characterization of a newly discovered Beauveria bassiana isolate to Franklimiella occidentalis Perganda, a non-native invasive species in China. Microbiological research, 167(2), 116-120.
Zörb, C., Piepho, H. P., Zikeli, S., & Horneburg, B. (2020). Heritability and variability of quality parameters of tomatoes in outdoor production. Research, 2020.
Akladious, S. A., & Abbas, S. M. (2012). Application of Trichoderma harziunum T22 as a biofertilizer supporting maize growth. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(35), 8672-8683.
Amin, M., Mulugeta, N., & Selvaraj, T. (2013). Field Evaluation of New Fungicide, Victory 72 WP for Management of Potato and Tomato Late Blight (P. infestans (Mont) de Bary) in West Shewa Highland, Oromia, Ethiopia. J. Plant Pathol. Microbiol, 4, 192.
Ávila-Hernández, J. G., Carrillo-Inungaray, M. L., De, R., La Cruz-Quiroz, J. E., Paz, D. B., Parra, R., & del Campo, R. (2020). Beauveria bassiana secondary metabolites: a review inside their production systems, biosynthesis, and bioactivities. Mexican Journal of Biotechnology, 5(4), 1-33.
Contreras-Cornejo, H. A., Macías-Rodríguez, L., Del-Val, E. K., & Larsen, J. (2016). Ecological functions of Trichoderma spp. and their secondary metabolites in the rhizosphere: interactions with plants. FEMS microbiology ecology, 92(4).
Dugan, F. M. (2006). The identification of fungi: an illustrated introduction with keys, glossary, and guide to literature. American Phytopathological Society (APS Press).
El Kichaoui, A., Elnabris, K., Shafie, A., Fayyad, N., Arafa, M., & El Hindi, M. (2017). Development of Beauveria bassiana-based bio-fungicide against Fusarium Wilt pathogens for Capsicum Annuum, a Promising approach toward vital biocontrol industry in Gaza Strip. IUG Journal of Natural Studies.
Erb, M. (2018). Volatiles as inducers and suppressors of plant defense and immunity—origins, specificity, perception and signaling. Current opinion in plant biology, 44, 117-121.
Harman, G. E., Howell, C. R., Viterbo, A., Chet, I., & Lorito, M. (2004). Trichoderma species—opportunistic, avirulent plant symbionts. Nature reviews microbiology, 2(1), 43-56.
Jones, J. B., Zitter, T.A., Momol, T.M., Miller, S.A. (2016). PART I: Infectious diseases. In Campedium of Tomato diseases and pests, 2nd ed; Jones, J. B., Zitter, T.A., Momol, T.M., Miller, S.A. Eds; The American Phytopathological Society: Saint Paul, MN, USA. Pp. 15-119.
Kumar, M., Vipul, K., Meenakshi, R., & Seweta, S. (2019). Effect of volatile and non-volatile compounds of Trichoderma spp. against Fusarium isolates causing chickpea wilt in Punjab. Plant Archiv, 19(1), 159-162.
Kumar, V., Singh, G., & Tyagi, A. (2017). Evaluation of different fungicides against Alternaria leaf blight of tomato (Alternaria solani). International Journal of Current, Microbiological and Applied Sciences, 6, 2343–2350.
Lopez, D. C., & Sword, G. A. (2015). The endophytic fungal entomopathogens Beauveria bassiana and Purpureocillium lilacinum enhance the growth of cultivated cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and negatively affect survival of the cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa zea). Biological Control, 89, 53-60.
Makumba, B., Mwamburi, L., & Kiprop, E. (2016). Management of sorghum anthracnose using bio-control agents produced by sorghum rhizobacteria in western Kenya.
Mascarin, G. M., & Jaronski, S. T. (2016). The production and uses of Beauveria bassiana as a microbial insecticide. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 32, 1-26.
Moghaddam, G. A., Rezayatmand, Z., Esfahani, M. N., & Khozaei, M. (2019). Genetic defense analysis of tomatoes in response to early blight disease, Alternaria alternata. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 142, 500–509.
Mukherjee, K. K., Das, D., Samal, A. C., & Santra, S. C. (2013). Isolation and characterization of Arsenic tolerant fungal strains from contaminated sites around urban environment of Kolkata. IOSR. J. Environ. Sci. Toxicol. Food Technol, 7(5), 33-37.
Mwamburi, L.A. 2016. Isolation and Assessment of Stability of Six Formulations of Entomopathogenic Beauveria bassiana. In: Glare, T.R. Moran- Diez, M.E (Eds.), Microbial-Based Biopesticides: Methods and Protocols. Series: Methods in Molecular Biology, Springer, Humana Press Inc. USA. Volume 1477 Chapter 4. pp 85-91. \
Narayanasamy P. (2013). Characteristics of biological control agents. In: Biological Management of Diseases of Crops, (Hokkanen. H. M. T., ed). Springer. Dordrecht,
Ownley, B. H., Gwinn, K. D., & Vega, F. E. (2010). Endophytic fungal entomopathogens with activity against plant pathogens: ecology and evolution. Bio Control, 55(1), 113-128Países Bajos. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6380-7.
Pusztahelyi, T., Holb, I. J., & Pócsi, I. (2015). Secondary metabolites in fungus-plant interactions. Frontiers in plant science, 6, 573.
Raut, I., Badea-Doni, M., Calin, M., Oancea, F., Vasilescu, G., Sesan, T. E., & Jecu, L. (2014). Effect of volatile and non-volatile metabolites from Trichoderma spp. against important phytopathogens. Revista de Chimie, 65(11), 1285-1288.
Rubio, M. B., Monti, M. M., Gualtieri, L., Ruocco, M., Hermosa, R., & Monte, E. (2023). Trichoderma harzianum Volatile Organic Compounds Regulated by the THCTF1 Transcription Factor Are Involved in Antifungal Activity and Beneficial Plant Responses. Journal of Fungi, 9(6), 654.
Shanker, C., Katti, G., Padmakumari, A. P., Padmavathi, C., & Sampathkumar, M. (2011). Biological control, functional biodiversity and ecosystem services in insect pest management. In Crop Stress and its Management: Perspectives and Strategies (pp. 471-495). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.
Sinno, M., Ranesi, M., Di Lelio, I., Iacomino, G., Becchimanzi, A., Barra, E., ... & Woo, S. L. (2021). Selection of endophytic Beauveria bassiana as a dual biocontrol agent of tomato pathogens and pests. Pathogens, 10(10), 1242.
Suprapta, D. N. (2012). Potential of microbial antagonists as biocontrol agents against plant fungal pathogens. J ISSAAS, 18(2), 1-8.
Tall, S., & Meyling, N. V. (2018). Probiotics for plants? Growth promotion by the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana depends on nutrient availability. Microbial ecology, 76(4), 1002-1008.
Vinale, F., Sivasithamparam, K., Ghisalberti, E. L., Marra, R., Barbetti, M. J., Li, H., ... & Lorito, M. (2008). A novel role for Trichoderma secondary metabolites in the interactions with plants. Physiological and molecular plant pathology, 72(1-3), 80-86.
Wang, J., & Zheng, C. (2012). Characterization of a newly discovered Beauveria bassiana isolate to Franklimiella occidentalis Perganda, a non-native invasive species in China. Microbiological research, 167(2), 116-120.
Zörb, C., Piepho, H. P., Zikeli, S., & Horneburg, B. (2020). Heritability and variability of quality parameters of tomatoes in outdoor production. Research, 2020.
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2024-05-18
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